Human Development Is Something That Describes Human...

Human development is something that describes Human development describes the growth of humans throughout their whole entire lifespan, from birth to death. The scientific study of human development seeks to understand and explain how and why people change throughout life. What are the factors impacting on the wellbeing of the human? This includes all aspects of human growth, including physical, emotional, intellectual, social and personal development. Here in this world today, living and growing up in environmental that is not safe, it is hard to survive. Sometimes the situations that people see or do could affect them and others day by day as they live. In this essay I will identify and discuss my own life experience and refer it to†¦show more content†¦Freud additionally indicated certain territories of our body as erogenous zones. Those zones incorporated the mouth and genitals area.Freud s psychosexual phases of improvement are five altogether. Secondly, Erickson took Fr eud s thoughts and upgraded them. He included stages for the grown-up years. He additionally moved his regard for character as opposed to sexuality. Erikson built up the psycho-social phases of advancement. He is known for his eight phases or stages of life. Then there was Piaget. Piaget likewise had faith in formative hypothesis. Her stages were subjective stages. These stages depended on what the youngster can do. As indicated by Piaget a kid goes through four phases throughout its life. Piaget was keen on the kid s capacities and faculties, not sexual goals as was Freud. Here s a little information about myself before we get into all the good information. Normally when a doctor tells the female patient that their child might be premature, they think it s a bad thing which it could be also. Premature can be caused by: infections, cervical problem,smoking, stress, genetics, preeclampsia, poor fetal growth, placental abruption, and fetal diseases. Then again premature is not that bad either. When I was a baby I was a premature baby. I had to stay in the hospital for a little while. When I look back at the picture, I had so many cords and things attached to me. I was very small laying on my stomach justShow MoreRelatedInnovation from the Point of View of Visual Arts1066 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom invention in that innovation refers to the use of a new idea or method, whereas invention refers more directly to the creation of the idea or method itself. 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USMC Then Now and Forever - 742 Words

The USMC is the most advanced military fighting force on the planet. Most think the marines are just hardened killers but that’s not entirely true. First and foremost a marine is a rifleman. Every marine regardless of their job is taught to be proficient with the standard issue rifle. Marines are more than that, a select few get to go to special operations schools. In those schools marines learn exceptional skills, skills such as how to defuse multiple bombs in a very tense firefight. Still the marines are more than the skills they learn. They are true hero’s some even call them angels of death. They become like this in a place called Paris Island. Paris Island is where men become marines. When you first arrive at the island you are not called a marine yet. All drill sergeants label the recruits whatever they wish but they have not earned the title of marine. Basic training is a 12 week course of hell on earth. The course is broken up into 3 phases. Phase one is to brea k the recruits of their civilian habits. This is where most cannot do it, but it is too late to back out now they are in commitment. After phase one comes phase two. This is where recruits get field training and learn how to use and care for a rifle. Lastly phase three this is where recruits regurgitate all they learned, this last phase is the end of the most difficult training basic has to offer. Once boot camp is completed the marines move off to their respective schools or jobs, for more training orShow MoreRelatedThe United States Marine Corp1237 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States Marine Corp (USMC) was founded in 1775 during The Revolutionary War. From it’s inception, the ranks of the USMC were filled exclusively by males. Over 143 years later, in 1918, women were finally allowed to enlist. At first, women couldn’t participate in combat and were restricted to a limited number of jobs. 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MCI Course 0416B iv Study Guide Congratulations Congratulations on your enrollment in a distanceRead MoreThe Boeing Company 2007 Annual Report61846 Words   |  248 Pagesoffset additional investment in key growth programs. Our cash flow went from strong to even stronger — increasing from $7.5 billion in 2006 to $9.6 billion in 2007. We also had our best year ever in capturing new business and adding to a backlog that now totals almost one third of a trillion dollars — or just about five times our total revenues in 2007. Boeing Commercial Airplanes had spectacular success in landing 1,423 airplane orders during 2007, reaching more than 1,000 orders for an unprecedented

My Thoughts on Marriage Essay Example For Students

My Thoughts on Marriage Essay My philosophy on marriage is that its a relationship between two people that are in love with each other and want to spend a lifetime together building a family. They would do anything for each other and always have each other’s back. In a marriage I value the love and relationship the two people have between each other because that is what a marriage is based on and built from. I don’t believe in the traditional marriage where the wife sits at home and does house work all day and takes care of the children while husband works all day. My marriage style is definitely an egalitarian marriage style; I grew up in a household where my parents do everything equally, they both work, clean, do yard work, and parent the same. My parents are my biggest role models on what a perfect happy marriage is supposed to be like. A marriage contract is very important to write and go over with your partner. The purpose for this contract is to figure out what I want in my marriage when that time comes and what I value and expect to be in my marriage, as well as my partners. Relationships and individuals change which means I would need to re-evaluate this contract every few years during my marriage and talk it over with my spouse. I also don’t know when I’m going to get married so I would need to re-evaluate my contract, as I get older and mature as things change. I want to be a respiratory therapist so for my career I would need to find a job at a hospital and it doesn’t matter to me what my husband does for a living as long as he is making an income. I would preferably find a job in Dallas since that’s where I’m from and that’s where I would want my husbands job to be as well. In my family both my parents worked, but there was also a point in time where my mom didn’t work and just my dad worked. I would like for both my husband and I to work but if there was a reason as to why one of us couldn’t work that would be ok too. I would like for both of us to work though so we can equally bring in an income and support each other and our family. I understand that some jobs require and need night meetings and overnight travel because my dad did that for his job. As long as I can trust my husband and he can trust me then I don’t mind him or I having night meetings or overnight business travel because I value that you need that for a job sometimes. If my husband got a promotion or a job offer and needed to move to another location then I would go with them because that’s the point of a marriage, you stand by their side through anything and everything. When I get married to my husband I still want us both to have our friends strictly involved because I think friends are in important part of a relationship. Handling vacations and holidays with friends should be equally done with my husband and I, and friends should and can be invited to both if wanted to or necessary. I don’t think having opposite sex friends in a marriage is a bad thing, I understand that everyone has opposite sex friends because I have a lot of really good friends that are of the opposite sex as long as it doesn’t get out of hand or they become to close. Social gatherings are important to me because I like to keep in touch with my friends and hanging out with my friends as well as my spouses’ friends, so they are always welcome as well as nights out with the boys/girls. I don’t feel that there is any need for my husband and I to be together just us all the time, its always nice to have a night out with his boys or my girls because we have enough trust in each other to do that and I feel its important to do that every once in awhile. Religion is a big deal to me and I am a Christian but growing up I didn’t go to church much it was never a big deal to my family to go to church. If going to church is really important to my husband and he thinks it’s important as a family to go then we will attend church every Sunday. Classification analysis EssayFiguring out where a couple is supposed to settle down and live in their relationship is a very important topic and could make or break the relationship. If at the beginning of my marriage we cant afford a house and have to wait awhile before we can get a house we would most likely live in an apartment. But I would definitely want to live in a house during my whole marriage and have a great place to raise my children and build my family in. I have a countryside to me because my family has had a deer lease my whole life but I grew up in the city so I would love to live in the city, but also maybe have a second house in the country to get away. I never moved houses when I was growing up and the thought of moving houses and moving cities from my friends and the memories I made there would be devastating. Even though I never went through that I would never want that for my kids so I object to frequent moves. Sex in a marriage is something that is very important to both the husband and the wife and shows how much y’all care about each other. In my marriage I would not want or be ok with my husband sleeping with other women or us being swingers. Sex with my husband is a special thing and something that we share between each other. Being sexually compatible in a marriage is very important, it’s not just about the sex but about the closeness it brings to the relationship and the love between my husband and I and I don’t want him sharing that with anyone else but me. I would definitely want pets in my family and marriage because I think they are very important and bring the family closer together and also brings comfort and warmth to the family. I grew up with many pets in my family and I always loved having them around me so in my marriage I would want many pets to be around me, my husband, and my children. I’ve always had inside and outside pets so it doesn’t matter to me if they are outside or inside but I want both cats and dogs living with my family. I’ve had inside and outside cats and also inside and outside dogs from big to small, as long as my husband wants pets then I’m okay with anything. In-laws are a major part of a marriage, if I don’t get along with my in-laws or my husband doesn’t get along with my family or parents, then the marriage wont be successful. I would never want to live with my parents or my in-laws when I’m married because I want my own house with my own family, but if my parents or in-laws were sick and couldn’t take care of themselves they could live with me and my husband. Holidays are important to invite the in-laws and also join the families together and celebrate Christmas and thanksgiving as a whole, with siblings, families, in-laws, and spouses. Vacations with in-laws and my parents are okay every once in awhile to spend time with each other but a majority of vacations should be with my husband and my family. If I was on life support and there was no hope for me to live or breathe on my own I would want my husband to take me off life support. Same thing as if there was even a chance I could live but would a vegetable the rest of my life and couldn’t do things on my own I would still want my husband to take my off life support. I would talk to my husband about this and tell him what I would want done and he would tell me what he would want if it happened to him. If my family or parents thought other wise and didn’t wait it to happen I would make it my husbands decision based on what I told him. Through out writing this paper I learned a lot about myself and what I expect and value during my marriage. When I have long-term relationships I will show my partner this contract and go over it with him. Of course some changes can be made and will be made to make a marriage work and be happy with the person I love. I want my husband to have similar attitudes, expectations, and values towards things as I do. I want my marriage to be like my parent’s marriage, equal expectations, full of love, happy and the same parenting style.

The Decision To Drop The Atomic Bomb Essay Example For Students

The Decision To Drop The Atomic Bomb Essay Maria Tidwell World Cultures III Professor Longfellow 26 November 2000 The Decision To Drop The Atomic Bomb Essay On August 6th 1945, the world changed forever. The United States dropped the first Atomic bomb over the city of Hiroshima, Japan. The surviving witness Miyoko Watanabe describes her experience: I came out of the front dooran intense yellow, orange and white light overwhelmed me the light was thousands of times brighter than a magnesium flash gunI went inside to hideThere were strange sounds, crashing noises and jolts, and I kept no track of the timeI locked back to see how my mom was. She looked worse then a devilish witch. (47) The heat was intolerable; everywhere Miyoko looked there were wounded and dying people, bleeding from all over their bodies like her mom. Miyoko continues, Those who fled from one or one and a half kilometer from the hypocenter really did have to step over bodies and shake off hands grasping their legs for help. When someone caught hold of their shoes they just had to leave their precious shoes and flee otherwise they wouldnt survive(49). A friend of Miyoko told her that he had to leave his sister to die in the flames to save his life. That day, according to the Japan Times, 140,000 died as a direct result of the bombing. Later the total number of victims claimed in Hiroshima City came to 217,137. There is one question that comes to my mind reading these terrible stories from the victims of Hiroshima; was this necessary? Scholars have discussed the question for more than half a century. However, they all agree that the answer to this question does not make the use of atomic weapons seem less awesome or less awful, but it merely throw different light on it. The main argument defending the decision to drop the bomb is that it was necessary to end the war. Richard B. Frank in his book, Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire defends the American decision. Relying on a host of original documentary sources, most notably the Japanese messages that were intercepted and decoded by the American forces, he presents a researched work that attempts to explain what might have happened if the bombs had not been dropped. The reader is left with the unshakable conclusion that the use of the bomb was a necessary evilthat the government of Japan was not ready to surrender, and even after the bombing of Hiroshima, the decision was to fight on. However, the conclusion of his book is that the bombing of Nagasaki (though nowhere near as damaging as the bombing of Hiroshima) persuaded the Japanese cabinet that the bomb was not a one off event, and that they faced certain destruction if they didnt sue for peace. According to Frank, Most American strategists believed that the war with Japan would be a long drown out operation with Japans fanatical resistance extracting mounting casualties the closer the American forces drew to the Home Islands (21). To understand this position, it is necessary to take a closer look at the American experience with the Japanese, during the war. The Japanese were known by their culture of no surrender; they would rather die than surrender. Particularly, in the Japanese military forces this tradition was prominent. Frank continues with a terrible example of this, The first intimations that the Japanese would literally choose death over surrenderand not merely an elite warrior caste but the rank and filecame in August 1942 at Guadalcanal. Two small Imperial Navy island garrisons fought to virtual extinction. Major general Alexander Archer Vandegrift, the Marine commander wrote: I have never heard or read of this kind of fighting. These people refuse to surrender. The wounded wait until men come up to examine themand blow themselves and the other fellow to pieces with a hand grenade(28). Another example, maybe as shocking, happened at the island of Saipan; nearly 30,000 Japanese soldiers fought to the death, only 921 (3 percent) were taken prisoner. On this Island there were 20,000 civilians. .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e , .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e .postImageUrl , .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e , .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e:hover , .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e:visited , .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e:active { border:0!important; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e:active , .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u11afbcc6b9445b1fd4e969a0c6cf4d4e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Support of Art by the Government Essay Only 10,258 surrendered; the rest chose death. In a carnival of death that shocked even battle-hardened Marines, whole families waded into the sea to drown together or huddled .

Changing Attitudes towards Old People Old Mrs Chundle and A Visit of Charity Essay Example

Changing Attitudes towards Old People: Old Mrs Chundle and A Visit of Charity Paper Old Mrs Chundle by Thomas Hardy, And A Visit of Charity, by Eudora Welty In this essay I will be discussing as best as I can the changing attitudes towards old people. This will involve two short stories, which are Old Mrs. Chundle, and A Visit Of Charity. I will then describe the old women. I will also describe the conditions that the old women were living in. Finally I will also describe how other characters in the stories treated the old women. Thomas Hardy, Old Mrs Chundle The story, Old Mrs. Chundle by Thomas Hardy is about an old lady who has kept herself well away from society because of her disability in hearing. A young priest that just came to the area was out side her house painting a picture and decided to visit her house for dinner. When he met the lady, he noticed she was partially deaf. This woman had not been to mass for a long time as she couldnt hear the priest saying mass. He felt sorry for the woman so decided that he would try and help her. He thought he had thought of a good solution when he got the lady an ear trumpet. However the idea failed, as the lady still was unable to hear the priest. But the curate had another idea. We will write a custom essay sample on Changing Attitudes towards Old People: Old Mrs Chundle and A Visit of Charity specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Changing Attitudes towards Old People: Old Mrs Chundle and A Visit of Charity specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Changing Attitudes towards Old People: Old Mrs Chundle and A Visit of Charity specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer He thought to put the lady directly in front of the pulpit again this created a new problem which was Mrs. Chundle had an awfully bad breath and was distracting the curate and making him feel sick. Now he decided to discourage the old lady from going to mass. He thought that he would pay a visit to the old lady to stop her going to mass. When he arrived at her house, he found out that Mrs. Chundle had died of a heart attack. She tried to run to mass the week before, and made herself ill, she then die from a heart attack. The curate then left the house knelt down on the road and covered his face. Eudora Welty, A Visit of Charity Eudora Weltys short story, A visit Of Charity is about a girl called Marian who is apart of the campfire girls. She goes to an old peoples home to earn extra Brownie points. Marian ends up in a room with an old woman called Addie and another old woman whose name is not said. The old woman welcomes Marian though Addie, who is bed bound is very grumpy and does not speak very pleasantly at all. Throughout this story the two elderly women are moaning with each other pretty much continuously. Marian tries to leave the room as fast as she can and inevitably does not say goodbye to either of them. She rushes out the room. When she gets outside, she picks up an apple, which she had hidden behind a bush, and ran for the bus. The end of the story is her taking a bite out of the apple. The way the old women are written about in the two stories tells the reader a lot about the attitudes towards the elderly. In Old Mrs. Chundle she is I believe described as a stereotypical old woman who has bad hearing. A deaf old woman, the curate says when describing the woman. She held her hand to her ear. This immediately shows you that the old woman is hard of hearing. This is stereotypically connected to old women as many of them are deaf. She hurried overmuch, and ran up the hill, which at her time of life she ought not to have done. It upset her heart This also gives us a very stereotypical view of an old woman, we usually refer to old woman as people who cannot run and have medical problems. In a Visit of Charity there are two elderly ladies on call Addie and another old woman whose name is not said. We get a very stereotypical view of an old grumpy woman in Addie. She is thin and is very old. Her hands are filled with freckles and she has false teeth, shes bitter, takes medicine and is bed bound. The old woman in bed cleared her throat and spoke The phrase woman in bed continuously tells us that Addie is bed bound. The other old woman is briefly described throughout the story. We never find out much about her. We believe that she is quite friendly when she welcomes Marian. Did you come to be our little girl for a while. We find out as soon as we meet the other old woman that she has claw like fingers and a bony face, Square smile stamped on her bony face We find out that the old woman likes flowers and she has no reminders of the outside world. She rocks on her chair while Marian is there. Both women in the story are stereotypical views of old women. We find out that they are bored and lonely. They spend a lot of their time in the old peoples home. This is how we would refer as an old woman in a stereotypical view. Mrs. Chundle lives in a cottage. She lives on her own, which tells us she is an independent woman. It tells us in the text that she lived in a stone-built old cottage of respectable and substantial build. This tells us shes like a typical countrywoman with a dodgy accent. The two old women in A Visit Of Charity live in bog standard living conditions. Marian says, The tiny room had altogether too much furniture. Everything smelled wet-even the floor. She also describes the tone of the room, How dark it was It was like being caught in a robbers cave, just before one was murdered. The characters in the two stories are treated differently. The curate cared for Mrs. Chundle as he wanted Mrs. Chundle to attend mass, as he felt sorry for her living on her own with no one to speak to. So he thought of the ideas of the trumpet and her position in the church. Hm- Im sorry. Theres one thing I could do, which I would with pleasure, if youll use it. I could get you an ear trumpet. Will you use it? This shows that the curate is treating the old lady kindly and knowing the fact that she cant hear properly being the reason why she cant go to mass. In A visit of Charity, we are told that the old women were living in an old room. The room was cold, damp, dark and grim. This shows that the old women werent treated properly. Marian says, Her hands got colder and colder How dark it was This shows that the nurses or the members of staff running the old peoples home do not care of the treatment of the ladies. Old Mrs. Chundle is the most positive and realistic story about old people. The message the author is trying to tell us in the story is that we should respect the elderly as we will one day be old. We should give them all the respect the need and deserve. We should always treat them kindly, as we know their lives are soon going to come to an end so let them live in style or the best that the careers can. In Old Mrs. Chundle, the curate tried to discourage the old woman from going to mass on the last day of her life. The curate obviously must of felt guilty, as he should have let the old woman go to mass if it is what she wanted to do. However he thought differently, he wanted to get rid of her instantly. Mrs. Chundle loved the fact that she could go to mass so did the best she could to get there. The curate felt guilty as he was just going to discourage her from doing that. The author presented Mrs. Chundle the way he did to display an average old country woman living by herself. This made the story more original and believable as it was a common place for elderly ladies.

Kass on Medical Advancements essays

Kass on Medical Advancements essays Modern science presents may issues concerning human life. Leon Kass confronts the issue of immortality and prolonged life in his article, entitled Why Not Immortality?. Those involved in science hold the position that this could only benefit mankind. Kass, however, realizes the dangers involved in sciences position. He uses his article as a means of educating his readers on the possible problems, or at least to help them to think for themselves about the issue. Throughout the article, Kass poses questions, which will provoke his reader to think seriously about the so-called benefits of modern science. The fundamental question of the article seeks to understand whether longer life is truly an unqualified good (Kass, pp. 323). Kass article begins by looking at the specific cures that modern science is working on. There are three particular areas of scientific development that he deals with in the article. Firstly, he addresses the use of anti-aging cures, which are known as human growth hormones. Many people are currently using these hormones to help maintain their youthful vigor. Kass reports that, in a short time, these cures will become more affordable, allowing more individuals to take advantage of them. For those, who are more concerned with having new parts altogether; stem-cell research and cloning are working on their side. Thanks to these two areas of science, people can someday have the opportunity to replace old, unsuitable, worn-out body parts with freshly made ones. If this were possible, taking care of ones lungs, liver, or kidneys would be more of a financial matter than a matter of health. It is suggested that one other thing could stand in the way of a prolonged life. Scientists are currently researching the genetic switches that cause a person to age at the rate that they do. Once they discover, which genes are to blame, they can alter them to allow for prolo...

The role of bureaucracy in economic development in Argentina Essay

The role of bureaucracy in economic development in Argentina - Essay Example Though bureaucracy in administration whether public or governmental has always given rise to many problems, but still there are hopes that a "brand new" bureaucracy has a long way to go towards economic development and consolidation of its institutions (Ducote, World Governance Survey) In circumstances where the slow process of Argentina's economic decline which intensified after World War II remained unable to get back to the colonial times, after 1853 was modernized. The early 20th century was the most favourable time when amazing progress was carried out at the political and economic level. Despite attaining independence from Spain, Argentina after spending many decades under the influence of Spanish democratic government continued with constitution with the old colonial features which began to reappear in Argentine administration (Hamilton, 2005). The integrated formulation predicts that the shift from populist authoritarian rule (1952) and to bureaucratic-authoritarian rule (1966) should not have produced fundamental policy changes in certain areas. These areas comprised of military in ad hoc provision, welfare and public works programs and a depoliticized system. By the early 1950s, cabinet instability had become chronic with a large scale development of a highly unionized public bureaucracy. The bureaucracy caused many problems like development of the cyclical balance-of-payments, foreign exchange. The economic inflation problems along with a combination of the cumbersome and inefficient public bureaucracy caused drainage of the resources elites had at their command (Most & Rienner, 1991, p. 67). Despite the impressive economic achievements since Independence, the re-emergence of colonial practices condemned Argentina to a trajectory of underdevelopment that could not be reversed by the democratic administrations of the 1990s. Background - The role of Military in Bureaucracy Military organizations were complex bureaucracies that uphold functional divisions. Those divisions affect not only the ways in which the military organizes work but also the ways in which it may fracture in the face of other kinds of challenges. (Norden, 1996, p. 108) The ad hoc military's role in the government should have been largely provisional. The size and complexity of the government should have increased as a result of the initiation and expansion of a variety of welfare and public works programs during the populist period without any concerted efforts to reorganize or control the growing bureaucracy. The impact of such developments on the bureaucratic-authoritarian coalition of the post-1966 period should have attempted to establish an exclusionary and depoliticized system. The military members of the bureaucratic authoritarian coalition should have unified themselves and taken control of the government with a view to establishing a more or less permanent military dictatorship. The technocrats of the bureaucratic authoritarian coalition should have rejected the political bargaining, electioneering, and pressure group politics that distorted earlier efforts at objective policymaking. The technocrats therefore decided to reorganize the sta te, increase its operating efficiency, and 'rationalize' its policymaking. The shift from the autocratic to bureaucratic Government was not supposed to have produced fundamental